PESQUISAS QUALITATIVAS COM ADOLESCENTES SOBRE BULLYING E CYBERBULLYING: RAPID REVIEW
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3146-8197
Antonio Marcos Neves Esteca
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-3728
Claudio Romualdo
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-3195
Diene Monique Carlos
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-7350
Resumo
Bullying e cyberbullying se tornaram problemática atual e comum no cotidiano dos adolescentes. Estudos com diferentes desenhos metodológicos já documentaram essa realidade. O objetivo é sintetizar evidências e tendências de pesquisas qualitativas sobre bullying e cyberbullying na adolescência. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura do tipo rapid reviw. A revisão foi precedida pela formulação de uma questão de pesquisa e parâmetros foram definidos. Quatro bases de dados foram consultadas: Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC e PsycINFO. As diretrizes PRISMA foram observadas e após realização das buscas os achados foram exportados para a plataforma Rayyan. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática, em uma abordagem exploratória e descritiva que permitiu a construção de uma síntese interpretativa. O corpus revisado foi constituído por 26 artigos e cinco categorias temáticas emergiram do processo analítico: 1) concepções apreendidas; 2) modos de explicar os fenômenos; 3) consequências relatadas ou percebidas; 4) testemunhas das violências; 5) esquiva e desafios no enfrentamento. As definições para o bullying ou cyberbullying dos adolescentes eram influenciadas por suas experiências com visões variadas e, muitas vezes, antagônicas (positividade/negatividade). Alguns estudos revelaram compreensões sobre a intencionalidade e o desequilíbrio de poder presente nas situações de bullying. O anonimato e o sentimento de invasão de privacidade foram referidos como elementos que podem aumentar a possibilidade de ocorrência do cyberbullying. Agressões verbais, físicas, indiretas e virtuais foram referidas. O cyberbullying pode ser uma extensão do bullying tradicional. Consequências psicossociais foram registradas e as escolas, bem como as famílias, eram entendidas pelos adolescentes como despreparadas para lidar com bullying/cyberbullying. Revelou-se contextos culturais e as definições “locais/capilares” de bullying ou cyberbullying. Os dados podem oferecer insights para programas de intervenção e prevenção mais efetivos, conectados às realidades dos protagonistas dos fenômenos estudados.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 New Trends in Qualitative Research
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
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