IDENTIFICACIÓN DE BARRERAS Y FACILITADORES PARA EL USO DE LA PROFILAXIS PARA EL VIH (PREP) EN HOMBRES GAY Y BISEXUALES
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0608-6656
Meyer Aicardo Narváez-Ochoa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-0805
Beatriz Alvarado-LLano
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-405X
María Camila Bolívar-Rocha
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4637-4131
Pilar Camargo-Plazas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8349-7723
Ximena Galindo-Orrego
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-9200
Jorge Martínez-Cajas
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-7823
Marcela Arrivillaga
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-3386
Resumo
Introducción: Estudios previos en relación con los determinantes del uso de la profilaxis preexposición al VIH en Colombia son escasos, en este estudio nos proponemos usar el modelo de capacidad, motivación y oportunidad COM-B para estimar los determinantes de la intención de uso de PrEP en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Metodología: se realizaron 14 entrevistas semiestructuradas con HSH reclutados por muestreo de bola de nieve, con una duración entre de 30-60 minutos, por zoom o teléfono. Se realizo un análisis de contenido y luego se realizó el mapeo de los temas con los dominios de capacidad, motivación y oportunidad. Resultados: Se encontró como posibles facilitadores las habilidades e interés para buscar información sobre PrEP (Capacidad), el apoyo social y la opinión de pares (oportunidad), y las motivaciones para usar la PrEP como una herramienta adicional en la prevención del VIH. Como barrera se resalta principalmente el estigma hacia la homosexualidad y el VIH (oportunidad), la organización y financiación del sistema de salud, (oportunidad), la percepción de falta de habilidad para cumplir con el uso de PrEP (capacidad), y la monitoria de PrEP que se pudiera atribuir a factores personales y del sistema de salud (capacidad y oportunidad). Consideraciones finales: se sugieren 4 estrategias para abordar esas barreras 1) adaptación de intervenciones que promuevan el conocimiento y las habilidades para PrEP, 2) desarrollos de intervenciones de navegantes que promuevan la participación de organizaciones y lideres, 3) educación y habilidades para médicos de atención primaria, 4) mejoramiento del sistema de atención en salud sexual.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 New Trends in Qualitative Research
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
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