Intervenções de enfermagem na promoção de comunicação com a pessoa ventilada na unidade de cuidados intensivos (UCI)

Abstract

Introduction: The difficulty in communicating with mechanically ventilated patients is a daily reality in intensive care units, which may have a major impact on patients at the physiological (increasing the predisposition to clinical status changes), psychological (leading to feelings of frustration, fear, and anxiety), and even psychological (which may lead to depression or post-traumatic stress) levels. Objective: To identify the nursing interventions that promote communication with patients under invasive mechanical ventilation. Method: Umbrella review, including reviews from the last 10 years. Based on the question "Which are the strategies for communication with the person under ventilation in the intensive care unit?", prepared according to the PICo strategy, the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the reviews were defined, obtained from the CINAHL, Scopus, MEDLINE and B-on search engine databases. The bibliographic sample used for the preparation of this review consists of five articles. Results: The most commonly used communication strategies involve simple and cost-effective interventions such as gestures or lip-syncing; alternative and augmentative communication strategies are also frequently used, with moderate effectiveness. The use of electronic devices is highly effective, however, the frequency of use is still low due to the lack of resources and training of professionals. Conclusion: There is a wide diversity of communication strategies with the person under invasive mechanical ventilation, among which we should highlight the use of gestures, facial expression, body language, head movements, shaking hands, touch, the use of materials such as pencil and paper, alphabet letters, word and image boards, communication valves, electro-larynx, tracheostomy tubes with devices allowing.