Gestão do risco cardiovascular em pessoas com doença crónica na comunidade: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Its risk factors overlap with those of the main chronic diseases. There is insufficient evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions to promote cardiovascular risk management in chronic disease, so research into new forms of health care is a priority. We aim to identify the components of cardiovascular risk management programs, benefits and behavioral change techniques used. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the Scopus, MEDLINE, CHINAL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Medlatina databases. We found a bibliographic sample of 16 articles, involving 20301 people with chronic disease. The intervention programs integrate, in an isolated or combined way, the elements health education, physical exercise, food, health surveillance and motivational psychology. They are heterogeneous in their components, duration and strategies used. They resort to uni or multidisciplinary intervention.  We conclude that the results indicate some promising interventions in the management of CVD risk in people with chronic diseases. However, the heterogeneity of the programs and the inconsistency of some results prevent poor conclusions. Further research is needed to make the results more consistent.